So as of now there are two major types of display one is lcd and other is Oled or whatever its called by different manufacturers. There are several differences between lcd and Oled that i will cover in next article. Today we are going to see how Oled works and what are its pros and cons.
How it works :
OLED displays use organic materials that emit light when electricity is applied. OLEDs enable emissive, bright, thin, flexible and efficient displays - and so OLEDs are set to replace LCDs in all display applications - from small displays to large TV sets.
The key component in these display types is a Light Emitting Diode (LED). In a display panel these are shrunk down dramatically and arranged in red, green and blue clusters to create an individual pixel that can reproduce white light and various colors, including red, green, and blue.
The arrangement of these sub-pixels alters the performance of the displays slightly. One of the main arrangements are Pentile and Real-Stripe arrangements and there are other type of arrangements as well. For eg: samsung uses pentile type of arrangements in all of its displays.
The main difference between pentile and Real-Stripe are its display quality though its very identical the pentile has superior images. PenTile refers to the arrangement of these sub-pixel elements. Unlike standard screens, PenTile is in an RG-BG arrangement. So you get one-third fewer sub-pixels in total by repeating the green after each red or blue sub-pixel. These screens are easier to manufacture, and we know that AMOLEDs are not easy to make in the first place. And also pentile is superior image in sharpness, but lower pixel life spans due to the smaller pixel sizes.
The O part in OLED stands for organic. Simply put, there are a series of thin organic material films placed between two conductors in each LED, which is then used to produce light when a current is applied.
Finally, there are mainly two types of OLED - one is Amoled or Active Matrix OLED and the other one is Pmoled or passive Matrix OLED.
AM(Active Matrix) OLED vs PM(Passive Matrix) OLED :
The term AMOLED means Active-Matrix OLED. The 'active-matrix' uses TFT(Thin Film Transistor) and capacitor to each led. This way, when a row and column is activated to access a pixel, the capacitor at the correct pixel can retain its charge in between refresh cycles, allowing for faster and more precise control.
In a passive matrix, a complex grid system is used to control individual pixels, where integrated circuits control a charge sent down each column or row. But this is rather slow and can be imprecise.
Cons :
The main cons of Oled display is that different LEDs have different life spans, meaning that the individual RGB light components eventually degrade at slightly different rates. And this causes slight change in color balance also known as oled burn in problems. As technology is improving this problem is now less of issue as companies also fix this problem with software display optimization although its not completely gone but now this is not a major concern like when first generation oleds which had oled burn in issues after a year or two.
Verdict :
The major benefits from OLED type displays comes from the high level of control that can be exerted over each pixel. Pixels can be switched completely off, allowing for deep blacks and a high contrast ratio. Being able to dim and turn off individual pixels also saves on power and produces deep blacks. The lack of other layers on top of the LEDs means that the maximum amount of light reaches the display surface, resulting in brighter images with better viewing angles.And its also ultra thin than other types of display and can also be flexible as well as transparent so you can see wide variety of things in future from the already impressive foldable smartphones thats in early stages that are so impressive like samsung galaxy fold 2 to other products that are simply not existing now that we will see im future.
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